Connor, which says courts should not second-guess the “split-second” judgments officers make in the heat of the moment.īut some legal scholars and policymakers are pushing to expand beyond the final-frame approach, in other words, to roll back the film to the beginning of the encounter. Proponents of the final-frame approach point to a landmark Supreme Court decision, Graham v. The narrow focus on that moment protects police officers and agencies from legal liability. Many courts instruct prosecutors and juries to consider only the instant in which an officer uses force - what’s known as the “final frame” of the encounter. In dozens of incidents, footage shows, officers made tactical mistakes that put themselves in positions of danger - walking into the path of a car, reaching into a window, jumping onto a moving vehicle - then used lethal force to defend against that danger.Ĭriminologists call this “officer-created jeopardy.” But it often goes unexamined in deadly-force cases. A warrant for drug charges.Ī New York Times visual investigation reviewed footage from 120 vehicle stops over the last five years in which police officers killed motorists who were not brandishing a gun or knife or being pursued for violent crimes. Robin Stein, Haley Willis, Brenna Smith, Natalie Reneau, Rumsey Taylor, David Kirkpatrick, Steve Eder, Kim Barker and Michael BeswetherickĪn expired registration.

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